CEFIXIME is an oral third generation cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat infections caused by bacteria such as pneumonia; bronchitis; gonorrhea; and ear, lung, throat, and urinary tract infections. AZITHROMYCIN an azalide, a subclass of macrolide antibiotics used to treat or prevent certain bacterial infections, most often those causing middle ear infections, strep throat, pneumonia, typhoid, and sinusitis. | |||
Rationale of CombinationExcellent intracellular tissue penetration and a long elimination half life aids in the bacterial eradication. Synergy between two antibiotics against bacterial pathogens.Wide anti microbial spectrum covering respiratory and urinary tract pathogens. Alternative drug therapy for typhoid . Advantages over Amoxycillin Clavalunate This combination therapy is superior to amoxyclav in treating acute LRTI and URTI . # In patients with acute bronchitis of a suspected bacterial cause, this combination therapy tends to be more effective in terms of lower incidence of treatment failure . # Adverse events (diarrhoea, laryngospasm, GI upset) accompanying amoxyclav. therapy is more frequent than cefixime azithromycin therapy. # Cefixime azithromycin combination is effective at lower MIC values than amoxy clavalunate combination against H.influenzae and other gram -ve bacteria and gram +ve bacteria. CORE FEATURES OF THIS COMBINATION MOLECULE- # Wide antibacterial spectrum against gram-positive and gram-negative bacterias with enhanced anti-staphylococcal activity and stability in the presence of several b-lactamases. # Effective in reducing the intracellular viabilities of almost all strains of Salmonella, and enteroinvasive, enteropathogenic, enterotoxigenic, and enter hemorrhagic Escherichia coli. # Targeted drug-delivery system. # Circulating WBCs serve as a targeted drug-delivery system by concentrating the medication intracellularly, migrating to the infection site, phagocytosing the pathogen, and releasing active drug, thereby increasing local concentrations of drug . # Long elimination half life # A dosing regimen with short period of administration, improves patient compliance. # 90% clinical success rate at the end of therapy # This drug regimen ensured over a 90% clinical success rate at the end of therapy for the treatment of RTIs in adults compared to 7-10 days penicillin V, amoxicillin, amoxiclav, cefaclor and clarithromycin. Low rate of side effects. #Side effects with this drug therapy are mild to moderate as compared to erythromycin, amoxiclav and clarithromycin.Thus safe and well tolerated . Indications for Therapy- Upper respiratory tract infections example- # Pharyngitis - Inflammation of the pharynx, tonsils . # Nasopharyngitis(or the common cold) - Inflammation of the nares. # Tracheitis - Inflammation of the trachea and subglottic area. Lower respiratory tract infections example- # Acute bronchitis defined as acute bacterial infection of the larger airways in patients. # Pneumonia is a breathing (respiratory) condition in which there is an infection of the lung. # ENT infections. # Otitis media, tonsillitis, sinusitis ,etc. # Uncomplicated gonorrhoea and uncomplicated urinary tract infections. # Alternative therapy for typhoid |
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